The Durand Line or Durand border is the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan. This border was established in 1893 during the time of Abdur Rahman Khan between Afghanistan and Britain, represented by Mortimer Durand. Although this treaty was temporary for a century, after the Third Anglo-Afghan War, which led to Afghanistan's independence, the Durand Line was accepted permanently during the Rawalpindi Agreement in 1919, and Afghanistan's foreign policy was handed over to Britain by Amanullah Khan.

Except for Abdur Rahman Khan and Amanullah Khan, most rulers of Afghanistan were opposed to recognizing the Durand Line as official. Since ancient times, people on both sides of the border could freely cross to the other side.

The government of Pakistan recognizes the Durand Line as an international border between the two countries, but Afghanistan does not accept this border. In fact, the Durand Line has separated Pashtuns in Pakistan and Afghanistan from each other.

Henry Mortimer Durand, the British Indian Foreign Secretary and head of the negotiating team appointed by the British Indian government, signed an agreement with Abdur Rahman Khan in late September 1893 to delineate the eastern and southern borders of Afghanistan with British India, which became known as the Durand Agreement and the Durand Line.

Afghanistan lost at least 103,000 square kilometers of its territory in this agreement.

Throughout history, most rulers of Afghanistan did not recognize this line officially, leading to tensions and numerous skirmishes between the two countries.

Recently, Sher Mohammad Abbas Stanikzai, the political appointee of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, said that Afghanistan will never recognize the hypothetical Durand Line. Mr. Stanikzai, speaking at an event commemorating the 25th anniversary of the withdrawal of the Soviet Union from Afghanistan in Logar, said that half of Afghanistan's geography lies beyond the hypothetical Durand Line, which was imposed on the Afghan people by the British at the time.

These statements have angered the government of Pakistan, and the spokesperson of the Pakistani Ministry of Foreign Affairs has said regarding Stanikzai's remarks that any self-serving and baseless claims about the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan cannot change the geographical, historical, and international realities.

Therefore, it cannot be said when and under what circumstances this conflict between the two countries will end. Over the years, many political disputes have arisen between the two countries, and one of the reasons is the presence of tension in this border region. One party considers this line hypothetical while the other considers it a border.